Counterfactuals Do Not Exist and Yet Physical Randomization … Randomizes Them?

It’s not just covariates that get distributed equally between treatment and control — it’s the counterfactuals too

Today’s substack is about a few things. It’s about the beliefs people have about randomization and the reason that it sits atop the hierarchy of causal inference. It has to do with how they articulate what randomization does, the words they use, the concepts they reference, and how all of that while true is nonetheless different from my own. And it’s …